338 原因从句和结果/原因从句

 

除了下面A2A3中所示各种类型外,这两种从句均可由asbecause来引导。但是用as引导原因从句较为稳妥(参见A);用because引导结果/原因从句较为稳妥(参见B)。

A 原因从句

1 asbecausesince 引导的原因从句:

We camped there asbecausesince it was too dark to go on

我们在那里露宿是因为天太黑,不能再继续往前走了。

AsBecauseSince it was too dark to go onwe camped there

因为天太黑不能再继续往前走,我们就在那儿露宿了。

2 in view of the fact that可用assinceseeing that来表示,但不能用because

AsSinceSeeing that you are hereyou may as well give me a hand

既然你在这儿,你就帮我个忙吧。

AsSinceSeeing that Tom knows Frenchhed better do the talking

既然汤姆懂法语,最好让他来谈。

3 assinceseeing that意指以前共知的或共知的陈述时,可用if来代替:

AsSinceSeeing thatIf you dont like Billwhy did you invite him

既然/如果你不喜欢比尔,你为什么邀请了他?

注意:if so的用法:

I hope Bill wont come

If so(=If you hope he wont come),why did you invite him

—我希望比尔别来。

—如果这样(=如果你希望他不来),你为什么邀请了他?

关于ifsonot,参见第347节。

B 结果从句(参见第339节)由becauseas引导:

The fuse blew because we had overloaded the circuit

保险丝烧断了,因为我们使线路超载了。

He was angry because we were late

他生气是因为我们来晚了。

As it froze hard that night there was ice everywhere next day

因为那天晚上冷得厉害,所以第二天到处都是冰。

As the soup was very salty we were thirsty afterwards

因为这汤很咸,后来我们渴得厉害。

C 这种组合也可用so连接两个主句的形式来表示:

It was too dark to go onso we camped there

天太黑了,不能继续往前走了,所以我们就在那儿露宿了。

You are hereso you may as well give me a hand

你们既然在这儿,不如就帮我一下。

It froze hard that nightso there was ice everywhere next day

那天夜里冷得厉害,所以第二天到处都是冰。

也可以使用therefore,但只限用于非常正式的句子中:

The Finnish delegate has not yet arrivedWe are therefore postponing We have therefore decided to postponeTherefore we are postponing the meeting

芬兰代表还没有到达。我们因此要把会议推迟/因此我们已决定把会议推迟/因此我们要把会议推迟。(注意therefore可以放在几个不同的位置。)